Linear Transformation of $\displaystyle {f{{\left({x}\right)}}}$

• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {f{{\left({h}{x}\right)}}},{0}\lt{h}\lt{1}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {k}{f{{\left({x}\right)}}},{0}\lt{k}\lt{1}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {f{{\left(-{x}\right)}}}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {f{{\left({h}{x}\right)}}},{h}>{1}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {k}{f{{\left({x}\right)}}},{k}>{1}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {f{{\left({x}\right)}}}-{b},{b}>{0}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {f{{\left({x}\right)}}}+{b},{b}>{0}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle -{f{{\left({x}\right)}}}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {f{{\left({x}-{a}\right)}}},{a}>{0}$
• -abcdefghij $\displaystyle {f{{\left({x}+{a}\right)}}},{a}>{0}$

The Effect on the Graph of $\displaystyle {f{{\left({x}\right)}}}$

1. Horizonatal reflection
2. Horizontal shift to the left
3. Horizontal stretch
4. Vertical shift down
5. Horizontal compression
6. Vertical stretch
7. Vertical shift up
8. Horizontal shift to the right
9. Vertical compression
10. Vertical reflection